{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "source": [
    "### 数据处理"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 安装类库\n",
    "# !mkdir /home/aistudio/external-libraries\n",
    "# !pip install imgaug -t /home/aistudio/external-libraries\n",
    "import sys\n",
    "sys.path.append('/home/aistudio/external-libraries')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "image shape: (32, 32, 3)\n",
      "label value: horse\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": "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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 216x216 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import paddle\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "from PIL import Image\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "import imgaug as ia\n",
    "import imgaug.augmenters as iaa\n",
    "\n",
    "# 读取数据\n",
    "reader = paddle.batch(\n",
    "    paddle.dataset.cifar.train10(),\n",
    "    batch_size=8) # 数据集读取器\n",
    "data = next(reader()) # 读取数据\n",
    "index = 4 # 批次索引\n",
    "\n",
    "# 读取图像\n",
    "image = np.array([x[0] for x in data]).astype(np.float32) # 读取图像数据，数据类型为float32\n",
    "image = image * 255 # 从[0,1]转换到[0,255]\n",
    "image = image[index].reshape((3, 32, 32)).transpose((1, 2, 0)).astype(np.uint8) # 数据格式从CHW转换为HWC，数据类型转换为uint8\n",
    "print('image shape:', image.shape)\n",
    "\n",
    "# 图像增强\n",
    "# sometimes = lambda aug: iaa.Sometimes(0.5, aug) # 随机进行图像增强\n",
    "# seq = iaa.Sequential([\n",
    "#     sometimes(iaa.CropAndPad(px=(-4, 4))),      # 随机裁剪填充像素\n",
    "#     iaa.Fliplr(0.5)])                           # 随机进行水平翻转\n",
    "# image = seq(image=image)\n",
    "\n",
    "# 读取标签\n",
    "label = np.array([x[1] for x in data]).astype(np.int64) # 读取标签数据，数据类型为int64\n",
    "vlist = [\"airplane\", \"automobile\", \"bird\", \"cat\", \"deer\", \"dog\", \"frog\", \"horse\", \"ship\", \"truck\"] # 标签名称列表\n",
    "print('label value:', vlist[label[index]])\n",
    "\n",
    "# 显示图像\n",
    "image = Image.fromarray(image)   # 转换图像格式\n",
    "image.save('./work/out/img.png') # 保存读取图像\n",
    "plt.figure(figsize=(3, 3))       # 设置显示大小\n",
    "plt.imshow(image)                # 设置显示图像\n",
    "plt.show()                       # 显示图像文件"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "train_data: image shape (128, 3, 32, 32), label shape:(128, 1)\n",
      "valid_data: image shape (128, 3, 32, 32), label shape:(128, 1)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import paddle\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import imgaug as ia\n",
    "import imgaug.augmenters as iaa\n",
    "\n",
    "# 训练数据增强\n",
    "def train_augment(images):\n",
    "    # 转换格式\n",
    "    images = images * 255 # 从[0,1]转换到[0,255]\n",
    "    images = images.transpose((0, 2, 3, 1)).astype(np.uint8) # 数据格式从BCHW转换为BHWC，数据类型转换为uint8\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 增强图像\n",
    "    sometimes = lambda aug: iaa.Sometimes(0.5, aug) # 随机进行图像增强\n",
    "    seq = iaa.Sequential([\n",
    "        sometimes(iaa.CropAndPad(px=(-4, 4))),      # 随机裁剪填充像素\n",
    "        iaa.Fliplr(0.5)])                           # 随机进行水平翻转\n",
    "    images = seq(images=images)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 减去均值\n",
    "    mean = np.array([0.4914, 0.4822, 0.4465]).reshape((1, 1, 1, -1)) # cifar数据集通道平均值\n",
    "    stdv = np.array([0.2471, 0.2435, 0.2616]).reshape((1, 1, 1, -1)) # cifar数据集通道标准差\n",
    "    \n",
    "    images = (images/255.0 - mean) / stdv # 对图像进行归一化\n",
    "    images = images.transpose((0, 3, 1, 2)).astype(np.float32) # 数据格式从BHWC转换为BCHW，数据类型转换为float32\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return images\n",
    "\n",
    "# 验证数据增强\n",
    "def valid_augment(images):\n",
    "    # 转换格式\n",
    "    images = images * 255 # 从[0,1]转换到[0,255]\n",
    "    images = images.transpose((0, 2, 3, 1)).astype(np.uint8) # 数据格式从BCHW转换为BHWC，数据类型转换为uint8\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 减去均值\n",
    "    mean = np.array([0.4914, 0.4822, 0.4465]).reshape((1, 1, 1, -1)) # cifar数据集通道平均值\n",
    "    stdv = np.array([0.2471, 0.2435, 0.2616]).reshape((1, 1, 1, -1)) # cifar数据集通道标准差\n",
    "    \n",
    "    images = (images/255.0 - mean) / stdv # 对图像进行归一化\n",
    "    images = images.transpose((0, 3, 1, 2)).astype(np.float32) # 数据格式从BHWC转换为BCHW，数据类型转换为float32\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return images\n",
    "\n",
    "# 读取训练数据\n",
    "train_reader = paddle.batch(\n",
    "    paddle.reader.shuffle(paddle.dataset.cifar.train10(), buf_size=50000),\n",
    "    batch_size=128) # 构造数据读取器\n",
    "train_data = next(train_reader()) # 读取训练数据\n",
    "\n",
    "train_image = np.array([x[0] for x in train_data]).reshape((-1, 3, 32, 32)).astype(np.float32) # 读取训练图像\n",
    "train_image = train_augment(train_image)                                                       # 训练图像增强\n",
    "train_label = np.array([x[1] for x in train_data]).reshape((-1, 1)).astype(np.int64)           # 读取训练标签\n",
    "print('train_data: image shape {}, label shape:{}'.format(train_image.shape, train_label.shape))\n",
    "\n",
    "# 读取验证数据\n",
    "valid_reader = paddle.batch(\n",
    "    paddle.dataset.cifar.test10(),\n",
    "    batch_size=128) # 构造数据读取器\n",
    "valid_data = next(valid_reader()) # 读取验证数据\n",
    "\n",
    "valid_image = np.array([x[0] for x in valid_data]).reshape((-1, 3, 32, 32)).astype(np.float32) # 读取验证图像\n",
    "valid_image = valid_augment(valid_image)                                                       # 验证图像增强\n",
    "valid_label = np.array([x[1] for x in valid_data]).reshape((-1, 1)).astype(np.int64)           # 读取验证标签\n",
    "print('valid_data: image shape {}, label shape:{}'.format(valid_image.shape, valid_label.shape))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "source": [
    "### 模型设计"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import paddle.fluid as fluid\n",
    "from paddle.fluid.dygraph.nn import Conv2D, Pool2D, Linear, BatchNorm\n",
    "import math\n",
    "\n",
    "# 模组结构：输入维度，输出维度，滑动步长，基础长度\n",
    "group_arch = [(16, 16, 1, 18), (16, 32, 2, 18), (32, 64, 2, 18)]\n",
    "group_dim  = 64 # 模组输出维度\n",
    "class_dim  = 10 # 类别数量维度\n",
    "\n",
    "# 卷积单元\n",
    "class ConvUnit(fluid.dygraph.Layer):\n",
    "    def __init__(self, in_dim, out_dim, filter_size=3, stride=1, act=None):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            初始化卷积单元，H/W=(H/W+2*P-F)/S+1\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            in_dim      - 输入维度\n",
    "            out_dim     - 输出维度\n",
    "            filter_size - 卷积大小\n",
    "            stride      - 滑动步长\n",
    "            act         - 激活函数\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        super(ConvUnit, self).__init__()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加卷积\n",
    "        self.conv = Conv2D(\n",
    "            num_channels=in_dim,\n",
    "            num_filters=out_dim,\n",
    "            filter_size=filter_size,\n",
    "            stride=stride,\n",
    "            padding=(filter_size-1)//2,                       # 输出特征图大小不变\n",
    "            param_attr=fluid.initializer.MSRA(uniform=False), # 使用MARA 初始权重\n",
    "            bias_attr=False,                                  # 卷积输出没有偏置项\n",
    "            act=None)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加正则\n",
    "        self.norm = BatchNorm(\n",
    "            num_channels=out_dim,\n",
    "            param_attr=fluid.initializer.Constant(1.0), # 使用常量初始化权重\n",
    "            bias_attr=fluid.initializer.Constant(0.0),  # 使用常量初始化偏置\n",
    "            act=act)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            对输入的特征进行卷积和正则\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            x - 输入特征\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "            x - 输出特征\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        # 进行卷积\n",
    "        x = self.conv(x)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 进行正则\n",
    "        x = self.norm(x)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        return x\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "# 基础结构\n",
    "class ResBasic(fluid.dygraph.Layer):\n",
    "    def __init__(self, in_dim, out_dim, stride=1, is_pass=True):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            初始化基础结构，H/W=(H/W+2*P-F)/S+1\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            in_dim  - 输入维度\n",
    "            out_dim - 输出维度\n",
    "            stride  - 滑动步长\n",
    "            is_pass - 是否直连\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        super(ResBasic, self).__init__()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 是否直连标识\n",
    "        self.is_pass = is_pass\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加投影路径\n",
    "        self.proj = ConvUnit(in_dim=in_dim, out_dim=out_dim, filter_size=1, stride=stride, act=None)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加卷积路径\n",
    "        self.con1 = ConvUnit(in_dim=in_dim, out_dim=out_dim, filter_size=3, stride=stride, act='relu')\n",
    "        self.con2 = ConvUnit(in_dim=out_dim, out_dim=out_dim, filter_size=3, stride=1, act=None)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            对输入的特征图像提取特征\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            x - 输入特征\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "            x - 输出特征\n",
    "            y - 输出特征\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        # 直连路径\n",
    "        if self.is_pass: # 是否直连\n",
    "            x_pass = x\n",
    "        else:            # 否则投影\n",
    "            x_pass = self.proj(x)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 卷积路径\n",
    "        x_con1 = self.con1(x)\n",
    "        x_con2 = self.con2(x_con1)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 输出特征\n",
    "        x = fluid.layers.elementwise_add(x=x_pass, y=x_con1, act='relu') # 直连路径与卷积路径进行特征相加\n",
    "        \n",
    "        return x\n",
    "    \n",
    "# 模块结构\n",
    "class ResBlock(fluid.dygraph.Layer):\n",
    "    def __init__(self, in_dim, out_dim, stride=1, basics=1):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            初始化模块结构，H/W=(H/W+2*P-F)/S+1\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            in_dim  - 输入维度\n",
    "            out_dim - 输出维度\n",
    "            stride  - 滑动步长\n",
    "            basics  - 基础长度\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        super(ResBlock, self).__init__()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加模块列表\n",
    "        self.block_list = [] # 模块列表\n",
    "        for i in range(basics):\n",
    "            block_item = self.add_sublayer( # 构造模块项目\n",
    "                'block_' + str(i),\n",
    "                ResBasic(\n",
    "                    in_dim=(in_dim if i==0 else out_dim), # 每组模块项目除第一块外，输入维度=输出维度\n",
    "                    out_dim=out_dim,\n",
    "                    stride=(stride if i==0 else 1), # 每组模块项目除第一块外，stride=1\n",
    "                    is_pass=(False if i==0 else True))) # 每组模块项目除第一块外，is_pass=True\n",
    "            self.block_list.append(block_item) # 添加模块项目\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            对输入的特征图像提取特征\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            x      - 输入特征\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "            x      - 输出特征\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        for block_item in self.block_list:\n",
    "            x = block_item(x) # 提取模块特征\n",
    "            \n",
    "        return x\n",
    "\n",
    "# 模组结构\n",
    "class ResGroup(fluid.dygraph.Layer):\n",
    "    def __init__(self):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            初始化模组结构，H/W=(H/W+2*P-F)/S+1\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        super(ResGroup, self).__init__()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加模组列表\n",
    "        self.group_list = [] # 模组列表\n",
    "        for i, block_arch in enumerate(group_arch):\n",
    "            group_item = self.add_sublayer( # 构造模组项目\n",
    "                'group_' + str(i),\n",
    "                ResBlock(\n",
    "                    in_dim=block_arch[0],\n",
    "                    out_dim=block_arch[1],\n",
    "                    stride=block_arch[2],\n",
    "                    basics=block_arch[3]))\n",
    "            self.group_list.append(group_item) # 添加模组项目\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            对输入的特征图像提取特征\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            x      - 输入特征\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "            x      - 输出特征\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        for group_item in self.group_list:\n",
    "            x = group_item(x) # 提取模组特征\n",
    "            \n",
    "        return x\n",
    "        \n",
    "# 残差网络\n",
    "class ResNet(fluid.dygraph.Layer):\n",
    "    def __init__(self):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            初始化残差网络，H/W=(H/W+2*P-F)/S+1\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        super(ResNet, self).__init__()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加初始化层\n",
    "        self.conv = ConvUnit(in_dim=3, out_dim=16, filter_size=3, stride=1, act='relu')\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加模组结构\n",
    "        self.backbone = ResGroup() # 输出：N*C*H*W\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 添加全连接层\n",
    "        self.pool = Pool2D(global_pooling=True, pool_type='avg') # 输出：N*C*1*1\n",
    "        \n",
    "        stdv = 1.0/(math.sqrt(group_dim)*1.0)                    # 设置均匀分布权重方差\n",
    "        self.fc = Linear(                                        # 输出：=N*10\n",
    "            input_dim=group_dim,\n",
    "            output_dim=class_dim,\n",
    "            param_attr=fluid.initializer.Uniform(-stdv, stdv),   # 使用均匀分布初始权重\n",
    "            bias_attr=fluid.initializer.Constant(0.0),           # 使用常量数值初始偏置\n",
    "            act='softmax')\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def forward(self, x):\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        功能:\n",
    "            对输入图像进行分类\n",
    "        输入:\n",
    "            x - 输入图像\n",
    "        输出:\n",
    "            x - 预测结果\n",
    "        \"\"\"\n",
    "        # 提取特征\n",
    "        x = self.conv(x)\n",
    "        x = self.backbone(x)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 进行预测\n",
    "        x = self.pool(x)\n",
    "        x = fluid.layers.reshape(x, [x.shape[0], -1])\n",
    "        x = self.fc(x)\n",
    "        \n",
    "        return x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "tatol param: 1838330\n",
      "infer shape: [1, 10]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import paddle.fluid as fluid\n",
    "from paddle.fluid.dygraph.base import to_variable\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "\n",
    "with fluid.dygraph.guard():\n",
    "    # 输入数据\n",
    "    x = np.random.randn(1, 3, 32, 32).astype(np.float32)\n",
    "    x = to_variable(x)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 进行预测\n",
    "    backbone = ResNet() # 设置网络\n",
    "    \n",
    "    infer = backbone(x) # 进行预测\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 显示结果\n",
    "    parameters = 0\n",
    "    for p in backbone.parameters():\n",
    "        parameters += np.prod(p.shape) # 统计参数\n",
    "    \n",
    "    print('tatol param:', parameters)\n",
    "    print('infer shape:', infer.shape)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "source": [
    "### 训练模型"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import paddle\n",
    "import paddle.fluid as fluid\n",
    "from paddle.utils.plot import Ploter\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import time\n",
    "import math\n",
    "import os\n",
    "\n",
    "epoch_num = 300   # 训练周期，取值一般为[1,300]\n",
    "train_batch = 128 # 训练批次，取值一般为[1,256]\n",
    "valid_batch = 128 # 验证批次，取值一般为[1,256]\n",
    "displays = 100    # 显示迭代\n",
    "\n",
    "start_lr = 0.00001                         # 开始学习率，取值一般为[1e-8,5e-1]\n",
    "based_lr = 0.1                             # 基础学习率，取值一般为[1e-8,5e-1]\n",
    "epoch_iters = math.ceil(50000/train_batch) # 每轮迭代数\n",
    "warmup_iter = 10 * epoch_iters             # 预热迭代数，取值一般为[1,10]\n",
    "\n",
    "momentum = 0.9     # 优化器动量\n",
    "l2_decay = 0.00005 # 正则化系数，取值一般为[1e-5,5e-4]\n",
    "epsilon = 0.05     # 标签平滑率，取值一般为[1e-2,1e-1]\n",
    "\n",
    "checkpoint = False                   # 断点标识\n",
    "model_path = './work/out/resnet'     # 模型路径\n",
    "result_txt = './work/out/result.txt' # 结果文件\n",
    "class_num  = 10                      # 类别数量\n",
    "\n",
    "with fluid.dygraph.guard():\n",
    "    # 准备数据\n",
    "    train_reader = paddle.batch(\n",
    "        reader=paddle.reader.shuffle(reader=paddle.dataset.cifar.train10(), buf_size=50000),\n",
    "        batch_size=train_batch)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    valid_reader = paddle.batch(\n",
    "        reader=paddle.dataset.cifar.test10(),\n",
    "        batch_size=valid_batch)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 声明模型\n",
    "    model = ResNet()\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 优化算法\n",
    "    consine_lr = fluid.layers.cosine_decay(based_lr, epoch_iters, epoch_num) # 余弦衰减策略\n",
    "    decayed_lr = fluid.layers.linear_lr_warmup(consine_lr, warmup_iter, start_lr, based_lr) # 线性预热策略\n",
    "    \n",
    "    optimizer = fluid.optimizer.Momentum(\n",
    "        learning_rate=decayed_lr,                           # 衰减学习策略\n",
    "        momentum=momentum,                                  # 优化动量系数\n",
    "        regularization=fluid.regularizer.L2Decay(l2_decay), # 正则衰减系数\n",
    "        parameter_list=model.parameters())\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 加载断点\n",
    "    if checkpoint: # 是否加载断点文件\n",
    "        model_dict, optimizer_dict = fluid.load_dygraph(model_path) # 加载断点参数\n",
    "        model.set_dict(model_dict)                                  # 设置权重参数\n",
    "        optimizer.set_dict(optimizer_dict)                          # 设置优化参数\n",
    "    else:          # 否则删除结果文件\n",
    "        if os.path.exists(result_txt): # 如果存在结果文件\n",
    "            os.remove(result_txt)      # 那么删除结果文件\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 初始训练\n",
    "    avg_train_loss = 0 # 平均训练损失\n",
    "    avg_valid_loss = 0 # 平均验证损失\n",
    "    avg_valid_accu = 0 # 平均验证精度\n",
    "    \n",
    "    iterator = 1                                # 迭代次数\n",
    "    train_prompt = \"Train loss\"                 # 训练标签\n",
    "    valid_prompt = \"Valid loss\"                 # 验证标签\n",
    "    ploter = Ploter(train_prompt, valid_prompt) # 训练图像\n",
    "    \n",
    "    best_epoch = 0           # 最好周期\n",
    "    best_accu = 0            # 最好精度\n",
    "    best_loss = 100.0        # 最好损失\n",
    "    train_time = time.time() # 训练时间\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 开始训练\n",
    "    for epoch_id in range(epoch_num):\n",
    "        # 训练模型\n",
    "        model.train() # 设置训练\n",
    "        for batch_id, train_data in enumerate(train_reader()):\n",
    "            # 读取数据\n",
    "            image_data = np.array([x[0] for x in train_data]).reshape((-1, 3, 32, 32)).astype(np.float32) # 读取图像数据\n",
    "            image_data = train_augment(image_data)                                                        # 使用数据增强\n",
    "            image = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(image_data)                                                 # 转换数据类型\n",
    "\n",
    "            label_data = np.array([x[1] for x in train_data]).astype(np.int64)                        # 读取标签数据\n",
    "            label = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(label_data)                                             # 转换数据类型\n",
    "            label = fluid.layers.label_smooth(label=fluid.one_hot(label, class_num), epsilon=epsilon) # 使用标签平滑\n",
    "            label.stop_gradient = True                                                                # 停止梯度传播\n",
    "\n",
    "            # 前向传播\n",
    "            infer = model(image)\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 计算损失\n",
    "            loss = fluid.layers.cross_entropy(infer, label, soft_label=True)\n",
    "            train_loss = fluid.layers.mean(loss)\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 反向传播\n",
    "            train_loss.backward()\n",
    "            optimizer.minimize(train_loss)\n",
    "            model.clear_gradients()\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 显示结果\n",
    "            if iterator % displays == 0:\n",
    "                # 显示图像\n",
    "                avg_train_loss = train_loss.numpy()[0]                # 设置训练损失\n",
    "                ploter.append(train_prompt, iterator, avg_train_loss) # 添加训练图像\n",
    "                ploter.plot()                                         # 显示训练图像\n",
    "                \n",
    "                # 打印结果\n",
    "                print(\"iteration: {:6d}, epoch: {:3d}, train loss: {:.6f}, valid loss: {:.6f}, valid accuracy: {:.2%}\".format(\n",
    "                    iterator, epoch_id+1, avg_train_loss, avg_valid_loss, avg_valid_accu))\n",
    "                \n",
    "                # 写入文件\n",
    "                with open(result_txt, 'a') as file:\n",
    "                    file.write(\"iteration: {:6d}, epoch: {:3d}, train loss: {:.6f}, valid loss: {:.6f}, valid accuracy: {:.2%}\\n\".format(\n",
    "                        iterator, epoch_id+1, avg_train_loss, avg_valid_loss, avg_valid_accu))\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 增加迭代\n",
    "            iterator += 1\n",
    "            \n",
    "        # 验证模型\n",
    "        valid_loss_list = [] # 验证损失列表\n",
    "        valid_accu_list = [] # 验证精度列表\n",
    "        \n",
    "        model.eval()   # 设置验证\n",
    "        for batch_id, valid_data in enumerate(valid_reader()):\n",
    "            # 读取数据\n",
    "            image_data = np.array([x[0] for x in valid_data]).reshape((-1, 3, 32, 32)).astype(np.float32) # 读取图像数据\n",
    "            image_data = valid_augment(image_data)                                                        # 使用图像增强\n",
    "            image = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(image_data)                                                 # 转换数据类型\n",
    "            \n",
    "            label_data = np.array([x[1] for x in valid_data]).reshape((-1, 1)).astype(np.int64) # 读取标签数据\n",
    "            label = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(label_data)                                       # 转换数据类型\n",
    "            label.stop_gradient = True                                                          # 停止梯度传播\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 前向传播\n",
    "            infer = model(image)\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 计算精度\n",
    "            valid_accu = fluid.layers.accuracy(infer,label)\n",
    "            \n",
    "            valid_accu_list.append(valid_accu.numpy())\n",
    "            \n",
    "            # 计算损失\n",
    "            loss = fluid.layers.cross_entropy(infer, label)\n",
    "            valid_loss = fluid.layers.mean(loss)\n",
    "            \n",
    "            valid_loss_list.append(valid_loss.numpy())\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 设置结果\n",
    "        avg_valid_accu = np.mean(valid_accu_list)             # 设置验证精度\n",
    "        \n",
    "        avg_valid_loss = np.mean(valid_loss_list)             # 设置验证损失\n",
    "        ploter.append(valid_prompt, iterator, avg_valid_loss) # 添加训练图像\n",
    "        \n",
    "        # 保存模型\n",
    "        fluid.save_dygraph(model.state_dict(), model_path)     # 保存权重参数\n",
    "        fluid.save_dygraph(optimizer.state_dict(), model_path) # 保存优化参数\n",
    "        \n",
    "        if avg_valid_loss < best_loss:\n",
    "            fluid.save_dygraph(model.state_dict(), model_path + '-best') # 保存权重\n",
    "            \n",
    "            best_epoch = epoch_id + 1                                    # 更新迭代\n",
    "            best_accu = avg_valid_accu                                   # 更新精度\n",
    "            best_loss = avg_valid_loss                                   # 更新损失\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 显示结果\n",
    "    train_time = time.time() - train_time # 设置训练时间\n",
    "    print('complete - train time: {:.0f}s, best epoch: {:3d}, best loss: {:.6f}, best accuracy: {:.2%}'.format(\n",
    "        train_time, best_epoch, best_loss, best_accu))\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 写入文件\n",
    "    with open(result_txt, 'a') as file:\n",
    "        file.write('complete - train time: {:.0f}s, best epoch: {:3d}, best loss: {:.6f}, best accuracy: {:.2%}\\n'.format(\n",
    "            train_time, best_epoch, best_loss, best_accu))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "source": [
    "### 模型预测"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "infer time: 0.040576s, infer value: horse\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 216x216 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import paddle.fluid as fluid\n",
    "from PIL import Image\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import time\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "\n",
    "image_path = './work/out/img.png' # 图片路径\n",
    "model_path = './work/out/resnet-best' # 模型路径\n",
    "\n",
    "# 加载图像\n",
    "def load_image(image_path):\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    功能:\n",
    "        读取图像并转换到输入格式\n",
    "    输入:\n",
    "        image_path - 输入图像路径\n",
    "    输出:\n",
    "        image - 输出图像\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    # 读取图像\n",
    "    image = Image.open(image_path) # 打开图像文件\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 转换格式\n",
    "    image = image.resize((32, 32), Image.ANTIALIAS) # 调整图像大小\n",
    "    image = np.array(image, dtype=np.float32) # 转换数据格式，数据类型转换为float32\n",
    "\n",
    "    # 减去均值\n",
    "    mean = np.array([0.4914, 0.4822, 0.4465]).reshape((1, 1, -1)) # cifar数据集通道平均值\n",
    "    stdv = np.array([0.2471, 0.2435, 0.2616]).reshape((1, 1, -1)) # cifar数据集通道标准差\n",
    "    \n",
    "    image = (image/255.0 - mean) / stdv # 对图像进行归一化\n",
    "    image = image.transpose((2, 0, 1)).astype(np.float32) # 数据格式从HWC转换为CHW，数据类型转换为float32\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 增加维度\n",
    "    image = np.expand_dims(image, axis=0) # 增加数据维度\n",
    "    \n",
    "    return image\n",
    "\n",
    "# 预测图像\n",
    "with fluid.dygraph.guard():\n",
    "    # 读取图像\n",
    "    image = load_image(image_path)\n",
    "    image = fluid.dygraph.to_variable(image)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 加载模型\n",
    "    model = ResNet()                               # 加载模型\n",
    "    model_dict, _ = fluid.load_dygraph(model_path) # 加载权重\n",
    "    model.set_dict(model_dict)                     # 设置权重\n",
    "    model.eval()                                   # 设置验证\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 前向传播\n",
    "    infer_time = time.time()              # 推断开始时间\n",
    "    infer = model(image)\n",
    "    infer_time = time.time() - infer_time # 推断结束时间\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 显示结果\n",
    "    vlist = [\"airplane\", \"automobile\", \"bird\", \"cat\", \"deer\", \"dog\", \"frog\", \"horse\", \"ship\", \"truck\"] # 标签名称列表\n",
    "    print('infer time: {:f}s, infer value: {}'.format(infer_time, vlist[np.argmax(infer.numpy())]) )\n",
    "    \n",
    "    image = Image.open(image_path) # 打开图像文件\n",
    "    plt.figure(figsize=(3, 3))     # 设置显示大小\n",
    "    plt.imshow(image)              # 设置显示图像\n",
    "    plt.show()                     # 显示图像文件"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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